Paul Driscoll (Dana Andrews) prepares to journey into the shadowy realm of the past. |
“No Time Like the Past”
Season Four, Episode 112
Original
Air Date: March 7, 1963
Cast:
Paul
Driscoll: Dana Andrews
Abigail
Sloan: Patricia Breslin
Professor
Eliot: Malcolm Atterbury
Hanford:
Robert Cornthwaite
Horn
Player: John Zaremba
Bartender:
Lindsay Workman
Mrs.
Chamberlain: Marjorie Bennett
Captain
of Lusitania: Tudor Owen
Japanese
Police Captain: James Yagi
Harvey:
Robert F. Simon
Crew:
Writer:
Rod Serling (original teleplay)
Director:
Justus Addiss
Director
of Photography: Robert Pittack
Production
Manager: Ralph W. Nelson
Associate
Producer: Murray Golden
Assistant
to the Producer: John Conwell
Art
Direction: George W. Davis &
William Ferrari
Film
Editor: Eda Warren
Set
Decoration: Henry Grace & Edward
M. Parker
Assistant
Director: Ray de Camp
Sound:
Franklin Milton & Joe Edmondson
Music:
stock
Mr.
Serling’s Wardrobe: Eagle Clothes
Filmed
at MGM Studios
And Now, Mr. Serling:
“For
our next show Mr. Dana Andrews makes his first visit to The Twilight Zone in a
show called ‘No Time Like the Past.’ You’ll see him as a discontented
inhabitant of the 20th century who goes back in time, back to what
we assume to be the inviolate past, and violates it. A walloping performance, a
strange and oddball theme, and an ending most unexpected in the tradition of
The Twilight Zone.”
Rod Serling’s Opening Narration:
“Exit
one Paul Driscoll, a creature of the 20th century. He puts to a test
a complicated theorem of space-time continuum. But he goes a step further, or
tries to. Shortly, he will seek out three moments of the past in a desperate
attempt to alter the present – one of the odd and fanciful functions in a
shadowland known as The Twilight Zone.”
Summary:
Paul
Driscoll, a physicist, has grown weary of the war and aggression which
characterize life in the 20th century. His solution to these modern
problems is to use a time machine to avert the catastrophes which he feels have
shaped the current social and political landscapes. His first journey backwards
into time is to Hiroshima, August, 1945, in a futile attempt to convince
Japanese authorities to evacuate the city before the destruction of the atomic
bomb. His second stop is in Berlin, August, 1939, in a failed attempt to
assassinate Adolph Hitler during a Nazi rally. His third stop in time is to
1915 in another failed attempt to avert disaster, this time the torpedoing of
the RMS Lusitania by a German U-boat.
Defeated,
Paul returns to his own time and tells his colleague Harvey that the past has
proven inviolate and Paul no longer believes he can change the past to alter
the present or the future. He has instead decided to escape into the past to
live out his life in Homeville, Indiana in the year 1881.
Paul
acclimates quickly in Homeville, an idyllic small town in which change arrives
slowly. Unfortunately, Paul soon learns that the hate, prejudice, and
aggression he suffered in his own time are also present here. The bright spot
for Paul is Abigail Sloan, a pretty schoolteacher with whom he begins a
romance. Abby can sense a difference in Paul, however, in the way he knows what
is going to happen before it happens, and in the way he seems distracted and
out of place.
Paul
does his best to live peacefully in Homeville without using his foreknowledge
to avert unpleasant events. He cannot resist the impulse, however, when it
comes to saving Abby’s school children from injuries sustained in a fire.
Consulting his notes, Paul learns that the schoolhouse fire was caused by a
lantern thrown from a runaway carriage. On the day of the fire Paul identifies
the culprit: a traveling salesman. Paul attempts to unhitch the horses from the
salesman’s carriage in the belief that it will prevent the tragedy. Ironically,
it is Paul’s action which triggers the runaway carriage and creates the
disaster.
Paul
is devastated. He tells Abby that he now realizes he cannot stay in Homeville.
The past is not inviolate and his presence presents a danger to everyone in
town. He knows about too many tomorrows and that knowledge prevents him from
finding the peace he desires. Paul returns to his own time and resolves to
change the sorrows of society through other means.
Rod Serling’s Closing Narration:
“Incident
on a July afternoon, 1881. A man named Driscoll who came and went and in the
process learned a simple lesson, perhaps best said by a poet named Lathbury,
who wrote: ‘Children of yesterday, heirs of tomorrow, what are you weaving,
labor and sorrow? Look to your looms again, faster and faster fly the great
shuttles prepared by the master. Life’s in the loom, room for it, room!’
Tonight’s tale of clocks and calendars in The Twilight Zone.”
Commentary:
Time
travel is one of the most frequently recurring themes on The Twilight Zone and “No Time Like the Past” functions like a
collection of greatest hits from the time travel episodes on the series. It is
composed almost entirely of recycled elements, including members of the cast
recreating similar roles from previous appearances and a setting, Homeville,
which recalls Homewood, from an earlier time travel episode, “Walking
Distance.” Yet, as a testament to the high quality of the writing, acting, and
production, “No Time Like the Past” remains an intriguing and enjoyable
episode.
Rod
Serling essentially created two episodes and combined them into an hour-long
presentation, not altogether unsuccessfully. The episode is bolstered by
Serling’s obvious talent at creating compelling dialogue and an engaging
atmosphere.
The first portion of
the episode finds Paul Driscoll (Dana Andrews), a physicist frustrated with the
horrors of the late 20th century, travelling backwards in time in a
repeated attempt to avert earlier disasters. Paul attempts to prevent the loss
of lives in the bombing of Hiroshima, cut down the rise of Nazism by assassinating
Hitler, and alter the course of the RMS Lusitania to prevent its torpedoing by
a German U-boat. In each of these attempts he is unsuccessful. Due to his
repeated failures, Paul comes to believe that the past is inviolate. He
resolves to escape into the past and live as citizen of a small Midwestern town
some eighty years before. With this we are shepherded into the second portion
of the episode.
The
episode which springs immediately to mind when one views the initial portion of
“No Time Like the Past” is “The Time Element,” Rod Serling’s early fantasy television
script which aired on The Westinghouse
Desilu Playhouse in 1958. Considered by many to be the unofficial pilot
episode of The Twilight Zone, “The
Time Element” finds involuntary time traveler Peter Jenson (William Bendix)
sent backwards to the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor. Like Paul Driscoll,
Jenson unsuccessfully attempts to convince authorities of the imminent danger
and pays for the failure with his life. Rod Serling approached the theme again
in the second season Twilight Zone episode
“Back There,” in which Pete Corrigan (Russell Johnson), an intellectual who
does not believe the past can be altered, is transported to the time of the
assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Again, Corrigan is unable to avert the
tragedy but, like Paul Driscoll, comes to believe in the mutable nature of the
past when he returns to his own time and finds it delicately altered. This
theme of being unable to avert disaster through means of time travel (or time
slippage) appears again in Richard Matheson’s fifth season episode “Spur of the
Moment.”
“No
Time Like the Past” is also marginally related to such episodes as “Nightmare
as a Child,” “King Nine Will Not Return,” and “The Arrival,” which also concern
a tragedy from the past but invert the theme to show the past intruding upon
the present as a warning or a means of closure. Serling was still exploring
this theme during his time on Night
Gallery, notably in the episode “Lone Survivor,” in which a time-hopping
portent of doom, played by John Colicos, brings misfortune upon the RMS
Lusitania. On The Twilight Zone a
character often involuntarily slips through the cracks of time and is
occasionally successful in effecting change for the better, such as in Richard
Matheson’s “The Last Flight” or Serling’s “In Praise of Pip,” episodes in which
events are altered though an act of self-sacrifice.
Although
a semblance of a time machine does appear in some episodes, including “No Time
Like the Past,” the series was generally content to simply send a character backwards
into time through such simple means as falling asleep or walking out of a building.
Even when a time machine is utilized it is more often an artistic than
theoretical choice. In “No Time Like the Past” the production team decided upon
an expressionistic construction of a raised platform bordered by rising rows of
stringed globes placed in a cavernous interior. The platform is then enveloped
in stage fog and filmed in a way which suggests strangeness and dislocation.
Rod Serling obviously cared little about the means of the mechanism but was
rather interested in using time travel to explore other themes.
The viewer is given no
indication of how Driscoll controls his travels through time. How long can he
stay in one place and by what means of control? How does he leave when he is
ready to depart? Does he simply disappear or must he be in a specific location
or position? Does Driscoll control his travel through time or is it somehow
controlled in Driscoll’s own time by Harvey? These questions are left
unanswered but are relatively unimportant to what Serling is attempting with
the episode. Still, there are aspects of time travel in the episode which will
likely irk some viewers. Why, for instance, does Driscoll cut it so close on
his visits to Hiroshima and aboard the Lusitania? Why not try and stop the
Lusitania from ever leaving port? Why not destroy Hitler the child or Hitler
the young man rather than attempt an assassination when Hitler is at the height
of his power? Although irksome, these problems do little to detract from the
second portion of the episode, which is where Serling is obviously eager to
arrive.
The tale of the
character who attempts to escape to the nostalgic haven of the past was a
familiar one on the series by the time “No Time Like the Past” aired during the
fourth season. The series displayed both sides of the equation. Paul Driscoll
discovers that his presence in the past is the disruptive force which erodes
the fabric of events as they are intended to unfold, much like Martin Sloan in
“Walking Distance” and Booth Templeton in E. Jack Neuman’s “The Trouble with
Templeton.” Conversely, episodes such as “The Sixteen Millimeter Shrine,” “A
Stop at Willoughby,” “Static,” and “Kick the Can” show the past as a refuge for
those disenchanted with their own time and age, although there is often a price
to pay for such an escape. In the case of both treatments of the theme the
show’s writers clearly paint the past as a flawed place, where one’s memory is
filled with gaps into which have fallen the unattractive and less desirable
aspects of the time. In “No Time Like the Past,” Paul Driscoll is presented with
an entirely new, yet frustratingly familiar, set of challenges when he arrives
in Homeville, Indiana in 1881. There may be no atomic bombs but there is still
unbridled hatred, prejudice, oppression, ignorance, and the misguided attempts
to equate violence with courage and war with patriotism.
Paul Driscoll’s
repeated references to bombs also groups “No Time Like the Past” with other
episodes of the series which play out under the shadow of the threat of atomic
annihilation. The thought of instant and total obliteration was certainly on
the minds of Americans during the tense years of the Cold War in which The Twilight Zone first aired. The show
repeatedly returned to the theme of manmade devastation in episodes such as
“Time Enough at Last,” “Third from the Sun,” “The Shelter,” “Two,” “One More
Pallbearer,” and “The Old Man in the Cave.”
A particular trend
amongst fourth season episodes is the anchoring effort of a single dynamic
performance. Think of George Grizzard in “In His Image,” Dennis Hopper in “He’s
Alive,” Anne Francis in “Jess-Belle,” Robert Duvall in “Miniature,” or Martin
Balsam in “The New Exhibit.” “No Time Like the Past” is graced with such a
performance from Dana Andrews as Paul Driscoll. Although Andrews is capably
assisted by supporting performers, particularly the presence of Patricia Breslin,
he largely carries an episode which could have come off completely flat with a
less talented performer in the lead role.
Andrews (1909-1992) was
a prolific film and television performer who found his greatest success in the
1940s and 1950s as a leading man in the classic American mold. Born near
Collins, Mississippi, Andrews left a bookkeeping job in the oil business and
hitchhiked to Los Angeles in 1931 with dreams of being an actor. After years of
toiling in regular jobs and performing in smaller roles under studio contract,
Andrews appeared in two films which solidified his bankable, leading role
status. The first was the 1944 suspense melodrama Laura, based on Vera Caspary’s 1942 novel, in which Andrews
appeared alongside Gene Tierney, Vincent Price, and Clifton Webb. Andrews also
featured in the all-star drama The Best
Years of Our Lives (1946), a film which took home seven Academy Awards
including Best Picture. The 1940s and 1950s were largely filled out with roles
in melodramas, film noirs, and psychological suspense films, working with such
directors as Elia Kazan, Otto Preminger, and Fritz Lang. A notable genre effort
during this time was a leading role in the 1957 film Night of the Demon (aka Curse
of the Demon), a moody chiller directed by Jacques Tourneur (Twilight Zone’s “Night Call”) and
adapted from M.R. James’ 1911 story “Casting the Runes.”
Andrews’ sturdy
presence transitioned onto television screens in the late 1950s where he found
work among the many dramatic anthology programs of the time, including turns on
Playhouse 90, Alcoa Premier, and Kraft Mystery Theater. Andrews returned
to regular film work in the 1960s and appeared in a number of doomsday genre
films of varying quality such as The
Satan Bug (1965), Crack in the World (1965),
and The Frozen Dead (1966). A
recurring role on the dramatic television series Bright Promise (1969-1970) led to more television work in the
1970s, including appearances on Ellery
Queen and Rod Serling’s Night
Gallery, where he appeared in Serling’s “The Different Ones.”
By the early 1980s
Andrews quietly retired from acting when he began suffering the early effects
of Alzheimer’s. Andrews suffered a well-documented problem with alcohol during
his prime years which some speculate contributed to the diminishing returns of
his career. He later became a sober and outspoken advocate for the
acknowledgment and treatment of alcoholism in America. He passed away on
December 17, 1992 at age 83.
The standout supporting
performance in the episode is Patricia Breslin as Abigail Sloan. Breslin
(1931-2011), much like her role in Richard Matheson’s second season episode
“Nick of Time,” provides a sympathetic female influence to an obsessive male
protagonist. On a series which too often portrayed wives and love interests as
either villainous or indifferent, Breslin is a breath of fresh air in “No Time
Like the Past.” Breslin portrays Abby Sloan as sensitive, intelligent, and
independent while performing in a realistic style which makes Rod Serling’s
rich dialogue sound naturalistic. A prolific television performer, Breslin
appeared in such genre programs as Suspense,
The Web, Boris Karloff’s Thriller, and five appearances on Alfred
Hitchcock’s programs, three for Alfred
Hitchcock Presents and two more on The
Alfred Hitchcock Hour. Breslin also appeared in two of producer/director
William Castle’s suspense films: Homicidal
(1961) and I Saw What You Did (1964).
Breslin retired from acting when she married the American entrepreneur Art Modell
in 1969, after which she became a well-known philanthropist. She passed away on
October 12, 2011 at age 80.
Malcolm Atterbury |
The cast is rounded out
with several repeat Twilight Zone performers,
notable among which is Malcolm Atterbury as the traveling salesman Professor
Eliot. If Atterbury’s character strikes you as familiar it is due to the fact
that Atterbury portrayed a very similar character named Henry J. Fate in Rod
Serling’s first season episode “Mr. Denton on Doomsday.”
“No Time Like the Past”
is unlikely to be anywhere near the top of anyone's favorite episode list nor perhaps one which will
remain in the viewer’s mind long after watching. This is perhaps due to its
familiar, recycled elements and the general disdain among viewers for the
hour-long offerings of the fourth season. To my mind it remains the epitome of
the average episode, neither excellent nor poor, but one which features a wistfully
melancholy atmosphere along with solid performances from Dana Andrews and
Patricia Breslin.
Grade:
C
Grateful acknowledgement to:
The Internet Movie Database (imdb.com)
The Chautauqua Life blog
(chautauqualife.blogspot.com) for information on Mary Artemisia Lathbury.
Notes:
--Justus
Addiss also directed “The Odyssey of Flight 33” and “The Rip Van Winkle Caper.”
--Dana
Andrews also appeared in the Night Gallery episode “The Different Ones.”
--Patricia
Breslin also appeared in “Nick of Time.”
--Malcolm
Atterbury also appeared in “Mr. Denton on Doomsday.”
--Robert
Cornthwaite also appeared in “Showdown with Rance McGrew.”
--Lindsay
Workman also appeared in the Night Gallery episode “The Little Black Bag.”
--Marjorie
Bennett also appeared in “The Chaser” and “Kick the Can,” as well as the Night
Gallery episode “Deliveries in the Rear.”
--Dana Andrews' younger brother, Steve Forrest (born William Forrest Andrews), appears in the lead role of the following broadcast episode, "The Parallel."
--Dana Andrews' younger brother, Steve Forrest (born William Forrest Andrews), appears in the lead role of the following broadcast episode, "The Parallel."
--“No
Time Like the Past” was adapted as a Twilight
Zone Radio Drama starring Jason
Alexander.
--The
poet whom Rod Serling quotes in his closing narration is the American hymnist Mary
Artemisia Lathbury (1841-1913). Serling quotes the first stanza of Lathbury’s hymn
“A Song of Hope.”
--There
is no credit for producer on the episode as the series was undergoing a soft
transition from producer Herbert Hirschman to producer Bert Granet, who would
see the series through the remainder of the fourth episode and into the fifth, eventually
giving way to the final producer on the series, William Froug.
-JP